THIRD CENTURY
© Stephen E. Jones[1]
This is part #3, "Third century," of my "Chronology of the Turin Shroud: AD 30 to the present" series. See part #1, "First century" and index, for more information about this series..
[Index #1] [Previous: 2nd century #2] [Next: 4th century #4]
3rd century (201-300)
201 A major flood of its river devastates Edessa, thousands die, and the "church of the Christians" is damaged. This is the first mention anywhere of a Christian church building and is further evidence that Edessa had become a Christian city [see "c. 183"].
202 As a reward for assisting Rome in its war with Parthia [see "194"], Abgar VIII was invited to Rome in 202, which he visited after 204.
205 Following the flood of 201, in 205 Abgar VIII built on higher ground within the walls of the old Edessa, a new walled Citadel, called "Birtha" in Syriac.
[Above (enlarge)[2]: The ruins of Edessa's citadel, within the modern city of Sanliurfa, Turkey.]
212 Death of Abgar VIII the Great. He was succeeded as king of Osroene, whose capital city was Edessa, by his son Abgar IX.
213 Abgar IX was summoned to Rome in 213 AD and murdered on the orders of Roman Emperor Caracalla (188–217). In 214 Caracalla ended the independence of Osroene and incorporated it as a province of the Roman Empire.
Continued in part #4, "4th century," of this series.
Notes
1. This post is copyright. Permission is granted to quote from any part of this post (but not the whole post), provided it includes a reference citing my name, its subject heading, its date, and a hyperlink back to this page. [return]
2. Extract from "Edessa citadel in Urfa, Turkey (Google Maps)," Virtual Globetrotting, 2016. [return]
Posted: 13 September 2016. Updated: 19 November 2021.
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2 comments:
I understand that you are probably actively researching this. But, do you believe you can fully trace the shroud from where you are now to the 14th century?
Do you find any inaccuracies in the Wikipedia article on the subject? It is quite sparse.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Shroud_of_Turin
Kyle
>I understand that you are probably actively researching this. But, do you believe you can fully trace the shroud from where you are now to the 14th century?
If by "fully" you mean with no large gaps, then no I cannot, nor can anyone, trace the Shroud with no large gaps, from AD 30 to c. 1355 when the Shroud first appeared in undisputed history at Lirey, France.
But there would be few, if any, historical artifacts that can be fully traced, with no large gaps, from their presumed time of origin until they first appear in the undisputed historical record.
The Shroud in particular would have been deliberately hidden for much of its presumed ~2000 year history, because it was so vulnerable to being destroyed or stolen.
>Do you find any inaccuracies in the Wikipedia article on the subject? It is quite sparse.
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Shroud_of_Turin
The problem with that Wikipedia article, and others on the Shroud, is that it's starting premise is Secularism's, that the Shroud is not authentic (when the evidence is overwhelming that the Shroud is authentic).
And it includes contrary opinions as though they each have equal value.
For example: "Professor Nicholas Allen of South Africa on the other hand believes that the image was made photographically and not by an artist."
But I have shown that Allen committed scientific fraud (although he may be self-deceived and not realise it), in that the 180 mm optical quality quartz lens he used (and had to use to get a full-length photograph of a man in 6-8 days before it decomposed) was not made by medieval technology, but was "synthetic quartz," made from quartz sand (not "rock crystal") heated to ~2000 degrees C. in a modern furnace.
Stephen E. Jones
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