© Stephen E. Jones[1]
"A"
This is page "A" of my re-started Turin Shroud Dictionary. Entries are based on the index pages of my general Shroud books. I will populate the entries quickly `off the top of my head' and then continue to update entries behind the scenes as they occur to me. I will delete unpopulated entries if this page gets too long and then if it is still too long, I will split it into pages "Ab-Am" and "An-Az", etc. Because surnames are post-medieval, I will index modern names as "surname, first name(s)," e.g. "Wilson, Ian," but medieval names as "first name, number" (e.g. Amadeus IX) or "first name, family name" (e.g. "Pierre d'Arcis"). For consistency, when a medieval name continues into the modern era, I will still keep the medieval form, e.g. "Umberto II". See the "Main index A-Z" page for links to other pages in, and information about, this dictionary.
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Abgar V, (4BC–AD50). A king of Edessa, who according to Eusebius,
[Right (enlarge): Tenth century icon in Saint Catherine's Monastery, Sinai, depicting Abgar V receiving the Mandylion (the Shroud doubled-in-four) from the disciple Thaddaeus (Addai.]
disease. In a dictated reply letter Jesus promised that after His ascension He would send a disciple (Thaddeus) to heal Abgar.
accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)
Accetta, August
acheiropoietos
Acts of Thaddaeus
Addai (see Thaddaeus)
Adler, Alan D. Alan D. Adler (1931-2000) was Emeritus Professor of Chemistry at Western Connecticut State College. He was an authority on porphyrins and blood chemistry. Adler was a member of the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP), but not one of the original team which went to Turin in 1978 to examine the Shroud. Together with Dr John H. Heller, Adler examined particles of blood on sticky tapes pressed onto the Shroud by STURP and found that the bloodstains on the Shroud are real blood. They also found that the blood was on the cloth before the image (which effectively refutes all forgery theories) and that the red colour of Shroud blood is due to high levels of bilirubin, consistent with the blood of a crucifixion victim. Adler's collected works in "The Orphaned Manuscript" (2002) was published online in mid-2015 in a 2002 Special Issue of Shroud Spectrum International. [See: 1, 2, 3 & 4.]
Alexis, St.
Allen, Nicholas
aloes
Amadeus VIII (1383–1451), was a Duke of Savoy. He was the first member of the House of Savoy to assume the title of duke. He was born at Chambéry, France, the son of Amadeus VII (1360–91), Count of Savoy and Bonne of Berry (c. 1362–1435). He married Mary of Burgundy (1386–1422) in 1401. Amadeus VIII was elected Pope (Antipope Felix V) in 1439 by the Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence and reigned until 1449. Amadeus VIII was succeeded as Duke of Savoy by his son Louis I (1413–65), who in 1453 received the Shroud of Turin by Marguerite de Charny (c. 1390-1460).
Amadeus IX (1435–1472), was a Duke of Savoy. He inherited his title, lands and the Shroud from his father Duke Louis I of Savoy (1413–65). Amadeus IX and his wife Yolande de Valois (1436-1478), daughter of King Charles VII (1403-1461), were devoted to the Shroud. Their eldest surviving son Philibert I (1465-1482), became Duke of Savoy on the death of Amadeus IX in 1472. [See 1]
Anatolia
anatomically accurate
Anne de Lusignan of Cyprus (1415–62), was the wife of Duke Louis I of Savoy (1413–65), who received the Shroud in 1453 from Marguerite de Charny (1390-1460)> She in turn had inherited it from her father Geoffroy II de Charny (1352–1398). Anne had expressed a strong interest in seeing the Shroud. Until her marriage at age ~19 to Louis in 1434, Anne had lived in Cyprus, near the Church of the Acheiropoietos (Greek "made without hands"). So she would have seen images of the Mandylion (the Shroud "doubled-in-four"), and would have recognised the resemblance between the face on the Mandylion and that of the Man on Marguerite de Charny's Shroud. So Anne would have been crucial in persuading both Marguerite to transfer the Shroud to the House of Savoy and Louis to accept it. [see 1]
Antioch
aragonite
Arculph
Arizona radiocarbon dating laboratory.
artistic theories
Ashe, Geoffrey
asphyxia
Athens
Avellino
Aymon IV of Geneva (c.1324-1388). Wealthy second husband of Jeanne de Vergy (c.1332–1428), whose first husband was Geoffroy I de Charny (c.1300–1356), the first undisputed owner of the Shroud. Aymon married Jeanne in c.1359 and took her, her young son Geoffroy II de Charny (1352–1398) and the Shroud, to his High Savoy estates around Anthon, where it remained until his death in c.1388. Was uncle of Avignon Pope Clement VII (1342–94), who unexpectedly sided with Geoffroy II against Bishop Pierre d'Arcis (c.1300-1395) who wanted the second exhibition of the Shroud in Lirey c.1389 stopped. [See 1]
Notes:
1. This page, and each page in my Turin Shroud Dictionary, is copyright. However, permission is granted to quote from one entry at a time within a page (e.g. "Abgar V," not the whole page "A"), provided a link and/or reference is provided back to the page in this dictionary it came from. [return].
Created: 4 March, 2015. Updated: 14 August, 2015.
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